A Global Cooling System by means of Artificial Convection

The Earth receives solar energy and is warmed. On the other hand the Earth reflects a part of sunlight energy and sends out infrared ray including latent heat energy to the space. Solar energy is almost constant. However an energy amount going out to the space is decreased. Greenhouse gas such as CO₂ increases and disturbs heat energy going out to the space, resulting in warming the Earth. This paper proposes a global cooling system, which artificially makes convection flows between the air near the sea surface and the troposphere, sending heat energy of such air to the space and bringing down the high altitude air to cool down the earth. The paper also clarifies its characteristics.

The Global Cooling System is composed of more than one piece of artificial convection equipment and a control center. The control center gathers weather data of a local region, simulates weather of it and controls the artificial convection equipment in order to cool down the Earth. The artificial convection equipment is composed of a solar boiler, an Air-Intake-Exhaust device and two anchors. The solar boiler is a big plastic greenhouse, which is composed of air inlets, an air outlet, a wall, a roof, a temperature sensor and a solar heater under a transparent roof. The artificial convection equipment is installed on the tropical sea surface where the ambient air includes vapor of 20g kg^-1. The solar boiler takes in such air from the inlets to be warmed by the solar heater, and discharges the warmed air from the outlet to the sky. The temperature sensor measures the temperature of the warmed air. When the temperature of the warmed air is lower than the target value, the area of the outlet is narrowed to keep the temperature to the target value. When the temperature of the warmed air is higher than the target value, however, the warmed air can be elevated to the higher altitude.

The wall has an Air Bag and can float the artificial convection equipment itself on the sea surface. The artificial convection equipment is installed in a region of the low latitude. It is 30 °C near the sea surface, ambient air of which includes vapor of about 20g kg^-1. When the weather is fine, the solar boiler receives solar energy of 1000Wh m^-2, which can warm the air and increase temperature of 1000kg air by 3.6 °C. The warmed air including vapor of 20kg is elevated to the sky per hour per one meter square of the solar boiler, and the vapor is cooled down by air at the high altitude, resulting in water to be turned into snow, by applying seeding technology, if necessary. When the vapor is elevated and turned into water and snow, latent heat (approximately 1.45×10¹⁰ Wh km^-2) and sensing heat (approximately 2.1×10⁹ Wh km^-2) per square kilometer of the solar heater are emitted into the air. The air absorbs latent heat and sensing heat and radiates infrared ray which depends on the temperature of the air. Fifty percent of infrared ray energy returns to the Earth. The remains of it go to the space. As a result the Earth is cooled down. When the snow falls and melts into water, the Earth also absorbs the heat of dissolution and sensing heat (approximately -2.62×10⁹ Wh km^-2) and is cooled down.

The solar boilers with a total area of 8.5×10⁵ km² can send out 1% of energy which is received by the Earth, and can decrease the Earth’s mean temperature by about 0.7 °C. An equipment cost of the Global Cooling System is approximately 1.09×10¹³ USD y^-1. The Global Cooling System has advantages that this system does not emit CO₂, does not use oil or electric power for operation and does not require a ground area for installing the artificial convection equipment.

It is absolutely required that operation of the Global Cooling System by means of artificial convection should be verified by a large-scale experiment.