Experimental studies of the chemical composition of aerosols in snow cover around industrial sources in the Southern Baikal were carried out. Areal distribution of mass concentration of main ions in aerosols for 1993-96 different seasons was investigated. It was established that calcium, sodium, and ammonium sulfates, having the total concentration 1.5-3 mkg/cubic meter, were the predominant salts of aerosol soluble fraction. The main sources of air pollution for the coastline and aquatorium of the Southern Baikal are Baikalsk city and Slyudyanka city. The influence of anthropogenic source in Baikalsk city is traced by the sodium ion accumulation in snow cover. At present, this component may serve as a tracer to value scattering of the wastes of Baikalsk pulp and paper plant. For the first time, sampling of aerosols at the high-mountain station Mondy (the Eastern Sayan, elevation 2000 m above sea-level) and their chemical analysis were realized. Mondy may be considered as a station for monitoring of characteristics of the continental background aerosols.
Mathematical modelling of transportation and turbulent diffusion of sulphure and nitrogen compounds, which takes into account chemical reactions, was fulfilled. A series of numerical experiments based on the data obtained during expeditional observations in Lake Baikal region was carried out to verify the mathematical models of atmospheric admixtures transportation. Correlation factors between computed and measured concentrations are equal 0.76 for sulfates and 0.84 for nitrates. Relative errors do not exceed 40% for sulfates and 50% for nitrates; mean square deviations of these errors are equal 25% . The highest deviations of computed concentrations from measured ones are connected with the influence of remote sources.
A hydrodynamic model to describe meteorological processes in conditions of essential orographic heterogeneity was developed. Mathematical modelling of spreading of admixtures from the industrial sources in the Southern Pribaikalye was realized. It took into account the contribution of individual industrial centers to the pollution of atmosphere and covering surface. Areas of congestion and "reflection" of admixtures were discovered when the North-West transportation near the orographic heterogeneity on the Eastern coast of Lake Baikal.
The maps-schemes, characterized areal spreading of admixtures in the region during different seasons, were constructed.
Symposium on Interdisciplinary Issues in Atmospheric Chemistry