Simulation of the Microphysical Properties of Aerosol and Water Injected by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga Eruption

About 150 Tg of water vapor, or 10% of the world's water vapor, was directly blasted into the stratosphere during the 2022 eruption of the Tonga volcano. At the same moment, roughly 0.4-0.5Tg of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas was released into the stratosphere, which is similar to nearly a third of the emissions from the eruption of the tropical volcano Nabro in 2011. To assess the effect of the injected water vapor on the microphysical characteristics of the volcanic sulfate aerosol, we employ the aerosol microphysics and climate model (CESM-CARMA) in conjunction with balloon-borne and satellite observations. According to the results of our simulation, the Tonga aerosol's effective particle diameter increased from 0.4 um in January to around 0.8 um in March, which is much larger than the background aerosol's effective particle diameter of 0.4 um. We investigate the coagulation and condensation of the volcanic plume's growing particle as well as other microphysical phenomena. Our model simulations are used to diagnose the relative impact of the injected water on the aerosol's size evolution, lifetime, effective radiative forcing, and stratospheric temperature.