Assessing Impacts of Hyperspectral Microwave Observations on NASA’s OSSE Framework

Hyperspectral microwave sensors, operating within the frequency range of 6-250 GHz, have gained substantial endorsement from space and meteorological agencies worldwide. These sensors exhibit the potential to enhance atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiling, thereby advancing operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) capabilities through spaceborne observations.

To evaluate the potential impact of assimilating hyperspectral microwave observations from a Microwave Photonic Instrument (HyMPI) on NWP, this study conducted an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE). The OSSE framework utilized is the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) OSSE system. The generation of simulated hyperspectral microwave data was done using CRTM forward model and the GEOS-5 Nature Run as its inputs.

This presentation provides an overview of the simulation and assimilation of all-sky hyperspectral microwave observations, along with some preliminary results highlighting their impacts on analyses quality and forecasts.