Description:

Solar minimum was all the way back in December 2019, and the rise phase of Cycle 25 certainly is exceeding expectations. In this session, we invite submissions that assess the (missed) forecasts for the first few years, revised predictions for the amplitude and timing of Solar Max, and for the remainder of the Cycle. As we plan for future missions to the Moon (Artemis II scheduled for the end of 2024 and Artemis III is planned for a year later) and Mars, understanding the impacts of space weather on humans and their technology requires understanding the environment, how it changes with solar cycle, and a plan for safe operations.