Decadal Analysis of Cloud Cover Over the Arabian Peninsula Using CALIPSO Satellite Data (2006-2023)

The Arabian Peninsula's arid climate and complex geography pose significant challenges for understanding cloud dynamics and precipitation processes. This study utilizes 17 years of high-resolution lidar data from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission (2006-2023) to conduct a detailed examination of cloud microphysical properties and trends in cloud cover across the region. By analyzing vertical cloud structure, optical depth, and particle size distribution, this paper offers new insights into the spatiotemporal variability of cloud cover in this arid environment.
Given the scarcity of long-term, region-specific cloud cover analyses, this study fills a critical gap in the literature on Arabian Peninsula atmospheric conditions. The findings provide crucial input for enhancing regional weather prediction models and optimizing cloud seeding operations, both of which are vital for effective water resource management and agricultural planning.
By elucidating the factors that govern cloud formation and evolution in this water-scarce region, the study contributes to the development of more targeted cloud seeding strategies and supports the formulation of adaptive climate policies designed for the unique environmental conditions of the Arabian Peninsula.