Unravelling Southern Hemisphere Climate Variability and Change

• The climate of the Southern Hemisphere has undergone significant changes since Jerry first visited the South Pacific as a field member of the 1975 TWERLE project. The extratropical atmosphere has seen a shift to a more positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode and a stronger and more poleward eddy-driven jet, particularly in austral summer. While the influence of anthropogenic forcing such as ozone depletion and increasing greenhouse gases on these long-term changes is now well-established, Jerry has been a pioneer in unravelling the interactions between internally-generated variability and external forcing on year-to-year and decade-to-decade variability. This talk will examine the progress made on understanding the Southern Hemisphere large-scale circulation and associated impacts, highlighting the recent extraordinary Antarctic ozone holes and sea ice losses as well as influence of the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes on the global climate.