Accurate climate predictions on sub-seasonal to decadal (S2D) timescales can greatly benefit society. Building on the success of weather forecasting, research into S2D predictions has rapidly advanced over the past five years. This has been spurred on by an increasing sense of urgency for human societies to have credible predictions of the time evolution of regional climate to provide information as to what we are going to have to adapt to. Unlike weather forecasts, where initial conditions play a key role in deterministic predictions, in S2D climate predictions their influence diminishes gradually as the prediction timescale extends, while boundary conditions and external forcings become increasingly important. In this presidential session, we will explore the challenges and opportunities for improving predictions on S2D timescales via keynotes and panel discussions.

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