Effects of Meteorological Phenomena on the Earth's Magnetic Field

The effects of meteorological phenomena on the Earth’s magnetic field have been poorly studied. Developing further knowledge of this connection will aid in a deeper understanding of the dynamical Earth. The flow of subatomic particles from the ionosphere to the Earth’s surface, known as the Global Circulation Electric Field (GCEF), renders the medium in which all meteorological processes occur, and is responsible for the atmosphere’s ability to hold an electrical charge. Meteorological phenomena allow charge to be redistributed and produce magnetic fields upon movement, altering the magnetic field measured at Earth’s surface. Meteorological phenomena of interest in this study are referred to as boundaries and include fronts and cloud edges. Transition zones between precipitation type are also included in the definition of a boundary due to possible changes in charge from one precipitation type to the other. Precipitation events are also studied to understand how a precipitation system effects the magnetic field as it travels. To measure the resulting deviance in the magnetic field, a Gaussmeter is used. The positioning of the probe is towards the North Pole for consistency and results are recorded manually or by a Raspberry Pi. Common meteorological variables (pressure, temperature, and relative humidity) are also recorded to be compared with the time series of the surface magnetic field strength. Results indicate that deviations in the Earth’s magnetic field are common as a boundary passes and are dependent on the boundary type. Correlation between meteorological variables and changes in the magnetic field are not evident.