A new radar method for detection of parameters of clouds and precipitation

The method is based on a modulation phenomenon of radar radiation of the non-coherent radar by spatial oscillations formed by a system of excited cloud particles, representing a volumetric vibratory system. The given effect of modulation was detected by the author during experiments on location of cloud environments with the obviously different microstructural characteristics. The analysis of the obtained data has shown, that the detected modulating oscillations under the physical nature are spatial and coherent. The oscillation data are formed in vibratory systems from one spatial wave. On the one hand, it is a wave of reference oscillation, and on the other hand it is a wave characterizing the averaged size of unite cube, containing the reference mass of cloud water. In a reception point the parameters of spatial modulating oscillations are retrieved on parameters of video signals measured on a range scale. Thus, on algorithm of a radar location equation the parameters of video signals will be converted to maximum distance passed by electromagnetic wave. Then, given distance by a special method representing "KNOW-HOW", splitted into numeric sequence of discrete spatial intervals. Then, the given sequence together with reference sequence enters the interference scheme, where on values of output parameters of interferometer and known parameters of a reference wave, the averaged parameters of required modulating wave and energy potential of the radar are determined. The set of operations executed on the receiving side at definition of parameters of spatial modulating oscillations, on a number attributes, is identical to operation of retrieval of pattern of wave front.

As the spatial modulating oscillations contain a considerable part of the required information in an explicit form, the capability of definition by the non-coherent radar of the amplitudes, frequencies and phases of spatial modulating oscillations, makes a given method alternativeless on capabilities and accuracy of final results. Possessing large potentials the given method allows:

· to solve the metrology problem in radar measurements;

· to define the liquid water content and its distribution along a beam with high accuracy, to determine a phase structure of cloud environment and also to measure the intensity of precipitation on the new basis etc.;

· to extend the functional capabilities of nominal radars used on ships and aircrafts and to solve apart from listed above, a number of problematic tasks, for example, to determine the location of opposing ship or aircraft, at presence of masking action of fogs or precipitation. Stated above has experimental verification.