Bistatic Radar Networks

Bistatic networks provide an alternative to traditional multiple-Doppler networks. Using a single transmitter, and one or more passive low gain remote receiving sites, bistatic networks measure obliquely scattered radiation from two to several locations to obtain different Doppler signals that can be used to synthesize a multiple-Doppler vector wind field.

Bistatic networks can be much less expensive to obtain, operate and maintain than corresponding transmitting radars. They require no operators, contain no moving parts, require no high voltage or high power, and require minimal site modifications. Data from bistatic networks has certain advantages over that obtained from traditional multiple-Doppler networks, primarily no need for Cartesian interpolation and true real-time processing. However, bistatic networks, in currently tested configurations, suffer from some corresponding limitations. These include lower sensitivity to weak echoes and increased contamination from side-lobe radiation.

Several bistatic networks are in operation around the world, utilizing different hardware designs and processing methods. NCAR operates a traveling system. McGill University in Canada, Hokkaido University in Japan operates a system that is deployed variously in Japan in China, the Communications Research Laboratory is deploying the newest system in Okinawa, and DLR operates a system in Germany. A brief overview of the state of the art of this technology and various implementations will be presented.