According to a large amount of meteoronogical data and the information of the authority branch,this paper analyses the condition of 2008 ice disaster in southern China and its loss synthetically, The conditional analysis focused on the low temperaturem,rain,snow,and frost at the beginning of 2008 in southern China. On the basis of research above, this paper further discusses the specific evolution process and the causes of the frost,with the help of the data of ice-depth and temperature at 700hPa,850hPa and surface of 59 meteorological stations in the 102-122.5°E,20.2-40.0°N from January 10th to February 6th in 2008.The results show that:1. Generally speaking, this ice disaster could be foreseen once every 50 years. 2. Five departments were badly damaged in this ice disaster, and the direct economic loss was about 151.65 billion Yuan. 3.The main causes of this ice disaster are as below: the cold wave triggered the outburst of the ice disaster; the stable cold high pressure made the cold air winding south constantly,and the subtropical high pressure in west Pacific Ocean was stronge and in the north, which resisted the cold air going down to the southern coastland and made it stay in the southern part of China for a long time;the stable atmospheric circulation situation maintained the ice disaster;south trough which moved eastward frequently provided endless rainfall conditions for the ice disaster;powerful inversion layer provided growth conditions for supercooled water droplets.