Pre- and Post- Sea-Breeze Frontal Lines—A Meso-gamma Scale Analysis Over South Israel

We present a meso-gamma scale analysis of the sea-breezes over the south coastal plane of Israel employing high surface density of environmental monitoring stations with temporal resolution of 5 minutes. We formulate objective criteria for sea-breeze-front (SBF) passage based on wind speed/direction, temperature, relative humidity and a turbulence intensity parameter. A major finding is that except from the primary SBF we identify pre/post frontal lines. We discuss the steady characteristics of these secondary frontal lines that were not reported earlier in the literature. They are important for pollution transport, human comfort and for a more fundamental study of the SBF. Some comparison with the earlier theoretical-predicted forerunners by Geisler and Bretherton (1969), is also performed.