Human's adaptation to weather changes: Media Project “Biomet_Forecast”

ABSTRACT Modern problems climate changes require of innovation assessment of the impact of weather on humans. Processes of adaptation of the person to various climatic conditions depend both on a condition of its health, and from climatic features of regions of residing. The analysis of known methods of an estimation of comfort of the climate, which are applied in complex climatology and balneology, allows to select such optimum parameters and indicators which characterize degree meteopathy of the person, and to use them for a bioclimatic estimation of a climate. The purpose of the presented work is the investigation of the complex environmental parameters in the region of St. Petersburg and their influence upon the human health. The idea of project “Biomet_Forecast” is important because research results are presented in mass media for a wide audience. INTRODUCTION There are many facts that big groups of the town's people feel bad because of the same reason someday, for example because of the headache or weakness. There are so many erratic explanations of such effects of common illness in the mass media that we decided to investigate this problem in our city and try to help ill-people, which especially need for the forecast of the critical variation of the environment. The most complicated problem is the impact of environmental and geophysical factors on health of persons and activities. One of the leading geophysical factors is the weather, which defines the territory of recreational opportunities, selection of new resort areas, sporting events, tourism development, including environmental. A distinctive feature of St. Petersburg is unfavorable environmental conditions and weather changes so healthy are somehow connected with these factors. In St. Petersburg and Leningrad region, there are a range of environmental concerns. Each of them has its own causes and their solutions especially in the ways. But practice shows that this complex is always allocated the most urgent problems that should be addressed immediately. Over time, priorities change, sometimes there are new, changed, and the conditions in which these problems to be addressed. Therefore, each time interval of duration approximately 3 years is characterized by its specific priorities that set on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the competent evidence and expert opinion. Based on systematic observations of the state of the environment, on the opinion of competent experts and forecasts of development of ecological situation today in the region there are several priorities. Environmental quality is mainly determined by the pollution of air and water pollution, waste collection and disposal of production and consumption, the state of the soil cover, green spaces and other factors. The solution of these problems is integrated assessment of bioclimatic conditions it's a key element of future climate policy In Russia, main objectives of research: 1.estimate bioclimate of the regions; 2.effects to space weather and meteorological factors on human health (assessment at the population and individual degree of meteopathics); 3.estimate of environmental and social issues risk to human health. These problems can be taking into account available development a choice of the climatic criteria, allowing to estimate and count various degrees of comfort/discomfort for health care of a recreation, tourism, sports, etc. METHODS Study and content analysis Carrying out the content analysis of existing results of researches on project subject, drawing up the review of references on this problem, with allocation of the existing techniques including empirical formulas taking into account weather and climatic conditions. Taking into account available development a choice of the climatic criteria, allowing to estimate and count various degrees of comfort/discomfort for health care of a recreation, tourism, sports, etc. Researches Studying of medico-ecological features of various regions of St. Petersburg with the subsequent formulation of the main directions of prevention the eсo-dependent diseases. Specification of regions with endemic diseases, the analysis of available statistical data on influence of polluting substances on the main diseases: cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, allergic, skin, rheumatic etc. Carrying out the comparative correlation and regression analysis of influence of negative ecological factors on a state of health of the population living in conditions of the megalopolis. Monitoring of quality of environment, studying of effects of extreme weather and risk assessment for health. Experimental studies and assessment of individual meteosensitivity of human body. Methodology Transformation of basic meteorological parameters in metropolitan areas with the release of synoptic conditions of pollution, affecting human health, for the health risk assessment of megalopolises. Scientific research on bioweather forecasting depending on the synoptic situation and the development of warning systems unfavorable prognosis. Development of techniques of the account meteosensitivity of factors and their possible forecasting. Development of medico-ecological passports for megalopolises. Development of a technique and information system of bioweather forecasts of weather for the short-term period (till 2-5 days). Statistical analysis of diseases caused by atmospheric circulation, weather conditions and air pollution. To establish connection the meteosensitivity of diseases with variability of weather conditions, and that number and extreme weather. Evaluation criteria and characteristics uncomfortable and dangerous weather conditions (overheating, overcooling, stuffiness, etc.) that affect the state of the human body. Implementation Formation mechanisms adaptation support in terms of adverse health effects of medico-geographical, weather and environmental factors. Establishment system of early warning of adverse weather or environmental conditions in the megalopolises. Biometeorological assessment of weather and climate of especially extreme characteristics which influence health and main types of a disease. Polluting role of megalopolises and their influence on health. Development of methods of an assessment and forecasting of meteorological and geophysical factors, and possible environmental pollution in various climatic and physiographic conditions. RESULTS Developed the technology training of specialized weather forecasts in collaboration with Hydrometeoservice. The project results are regularly presented on television in St. Petersburg.