The roughness length for momentum (z_0m), zero-plane displacement height (d), and roughness length for heat (z_0h) are important parameters used to estimate land-atmosphere energy exchange. Although many different approaches have been developed to parameterize momentum and heat transfer, existing parameterizations generally utilize highly simplified representations of vegetation structure. Further, a mismatch exists between the treatments used for momentum and heat exchange and those used for radiative energy exchanges. In this work, parameterizations are developed to estimate z_0m, d, and z_0h for forested regimes using information related to tree crown density and structure. The parameterizations provide realistic representations for the vertical distribution of foliage within canopies, and are able to realistically account for site-to-site differences in roughness lengths that arise from canopy structural properties. In conjunction with a parameterization developed for radiation regimes, the parameterizations provide a physically consistent way to represent the effects in land surface models introduced by vegetation structural changes. Comparisons of modeled fluxes using these parameterizations with observations show an improvement over traditional treatments, suggesting that the proposed parameterizations capture the most important factors influencing radiation and turbulent heat exchanges over forests.