Meiji-Shrine Forest is one of the largest green park (diameter 2km ) in Tokyo, and it was created artificially 80 years ago. It is located just on the most urbanized area , almost flat and covered with high ( 20m height ) and dense ( LAI is 6 ) plant canopies. In this study, both field observation and numerical simulation by Soil-Plant-Air Model ( SPAM3, Kanda et al, 1996 ) have been performed to evaluate the atmospheric effect of Meiji-Shrine Forest, as a sink of energy and pollutants and also as a source of moisture and terpenes. The following results were obtained ;
1) radiation balance, heat balance and vertical flux of materials (H2O, NOx, O3, CO2, isoprene and monoterpene) over the forest boundary layer were estimated by coupling with the meteorological measurements ( eddy correlation method, eddy accumulation method and gradient method) and plant-physiological measurements ( porometer method),
2) stomatal conductance had the peak value in the morning ( about 9:00 ) mainly due to the effect of vapor deficit , and therefore downward flux of NOx had also it's peak value in the morning,
3) very weak divergent flows from the forest to the surrounding areas were observed,
4) the measured stomatal conductance of each leaf, and concentration of materials in stomata were well parameterized by previous plant physiological models such as Jarvis model(1976), Bio-chemical model (Farquhar et al.,,1980), and G3 model (Guenther, 1993) and so on ,
5) a numerical technique for combing those plant-physiological models to multi-layer Soil-Plant Air Model ( SPAM3 ) was proposed, and 5) SPAM3 simulated the radiation balance , heat balance and downward flux of pollutants so well that its validity was confirmed.