The 13th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence

6A.8
IN SITU ESTIMATION OF AIR-SEA GAS TRANSFER USING DMS

John W. Dacey, Woods Hole, MA; and J. B. Edson, P. M. Holland, and W. R. McGillis

Fluxes of geochemically interesting gases typically rely on gas exchange models incorporating measurements of gas concentration together with surface layer transport models. These bulk methods rely on the assumption that the flux of a gas across an air-water interface is governed by the air-water concentration difference and by the gas transfer velocity - essentially the hydrodynamics of the surface water layer. The concentration difference is usually measurable in situ; parameterization of the transfer velocity is not as easily accomplished in situ. The transfer velocity has also been estimated by bomb 14CO2, but the integration time for this measurement is years. Dual tracer injection studies and Rn studies have brought the integration time down to days and weeks. The value of these longer term averages for understanding gas exchange is limited since the physical processes controlling exchange vary on much shorter time-scales. We used a profile technique to measure the flux of DMS in situ to shorten flux integrations to scales of hours. Dimethylsulfide is supersaturated relative to atmospheric concentrations virtually everywhere in surface ocean waters. The relatively short lifetime of DMS in the atmosphere (days) keeps its atmospheric concentration low, thereby providing an opportunity to measure DMS flux from the sea surface by measuring vertical profiles in the lower marine boundary layer. We conducted profile measurements at Scripps Pier and from the bow of a ship during a CoOP cruise near Martha's Vineyard to evaluate the DMS method. We also measured wind speed, humidity, air and sea temperature to determine wind stress and atmospheric stability. DMS fluxes measured at Scripps Pier and on Oceanus were similar (24.4 vs 23.7 µmolm-2day-1). The transfer velocity south of Martha's Vineyard was considerably higher (44.2 cm/hr vs 7.7 cm/hr), in part because of the higher u* (0.25 msec-1 vs. 0.11-0.14 msec-1) while the DMS concentration in the water was lower.

The 13th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence