This presentation focuses on evolving applications of computer-based cognitive tools in education and their effects on learning. Cognitive tools are technologies such as written language, mathematical notation, and computer software that enhance the cognitive powers of humans during thinking, problem-solving, and learning (Jonassen & Reeves, 1996). The "cognitive tools" perspective differs from traditional conceptions of educational technology whereby information is encoded by professional instructional designers into predefined tutorials that "transmit" knowledge to students. With cognitive tools, learners function as designers themselves using technologies as tools for analyzing the world, accessing information, interpreting and organizing their personal knowledge, solving problems, and representing to others what they know and can do.
Jonassen, D. H., & Reeves, T. C. (1996). Learning with Technology: Using Computers as cognitive tools. In D. H. Jonassen, (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 693-719). New York: Macmillan.