The strategic objectives of the development of the agriculture in Romania are meant to ensure the alimentary safety of the population at proper standards and at a quality level corresponding to the international standards, to eradicate poverty in the rural areas where half of the present population of Romania lives and in the same time to ensure the long term use of the climatic , water and soil resources.
From the analysis carried out over the entire territory of the country on the climatic characteristics during last century (1894-1996) a progressive warming of the atmosphere was revealed associated the increase of the heat phenomenon, and the diminution of the precipitation conditions.
The analysis of the agricultural areas affected by drought during the considered period shows that the drought phenomenon have a general trend to extend towards the western and central region of the country.
The chronicle feature of the drought leads to the settlement on the aridization state, this fact being the results of the cumulated and simultaneous action of several causes:
-the continuous increase of atmospheric pressure favouring the increase of the sunshine duration with a gradual increase of the anticyclones occurrence;
-the annual precipitation amounts were by more than 50-70 % below the monthly annual normal values;
-the increase of the air and soil annual mean temperature of the year; the increase of a large number of days with air maximum temperature above 30 0C during the period July-August, and of tropical nights with minimum temperature above 17 0C;
-the increase of the evaporation and evapotranspiration;
-a decrease of the ground water table levels by 25-300 cm below the multiannual monthly average and of the discharges flown on the rivers;
-the decrease of the moisture accessible to plants in the soil layer 0 -100 cm, to values of 50-100 m3/ha.;
-an inadequate land use;
From the climatological and agrometeorological standpoint, the endemic areas are grouped over a rela