U.S. National Science Foundation Activities in Space Weather Observations, Research, and Education

U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) space weather activities are an integral part of our broad portfolio of investment in fundamental and use-inspired science and engineering research and education. Our priorities for space weather are consonant with NSF's new Build a Resilient Planet initiative, which emphasizes improved understanding of natural hazards for community resilience and growing a diverse workforce. NSF-funded space weather projects advance innovative ground-based and cubesat-based geospace and solar observing capabilities, develop breakthrough models of the Sun-Earth system and space weather phenomena, and bridge gaps between research, applications and operations. These projects also nurture numerous early-career researchers and students and encourage public participation in science. Collaborations among academia, commercial sector, as well as international partners are key to their success. As the leading federal science agency, NSF partners with other U.S. government agencies to develop and implement national policies and priorities for space weather, including those directed by the 2020 PROSWIFT Act. NSF recently signed a memorandum of agreement with NASA, NOAA and the Department of the Air Force to advance space weather research-to-operations-to-research. Our activities are prioritized by receiving input from various advisory bodies and space weather stakeholders, including the forthcoming Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Ongoing and future space weather activities at NSF will continue to advance knowledge and achieve desired societal outcomes.