An Airborne Coherent Lidar for Advanced In-Flight Measurements (ACLAIM) of turbulence and wind shear was tested aboard the NASA DC-8 airplane during the Fourth Convection and Moisture Experiment (CAMEX-4) during August ? September 2001. The flights provided a wide range of physical variations for functional testing and applications development experience. ACLAIM primarily used a forward-looking line of sight to gain experience for advanced turbulence detection. Some data were acquired using upward slanting lines of sight to probe for atmospheric wind shear components parallel to the flight track. In addition, downward views to the sea surface were used to calibrate Doppler velocity signals. Both downward and upward viewing angles provided backscatter information for validation of 2-micron wavelength atmospheric backscatter models . This paper presents the highlights of the turbulence encounters, examples of lidar line-of-sight data contrasts between unperturbed atmospheric conditions and those with gusts, and changing reflectivity along the lidar line of sight.