Tuesday, 8 January 2019: 9:30 AM
West 212BC (Phoenix Convention Center - West and North Buildings)
This paper presents an update on the NASA Earth Venture-2 Mission, Geostationary Carbon Cycle Observatory (GeoCarb), which would provide measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and carbon monoxide (CO) from geostationary orbit. The GeoCarb mission would deliver daily maps of column integrated mixing ratios of CO2, CH4, and CO over the observed landmasses at a spatial resolution of roughly 5 x 16 km, which will establish the scientific basis for CO2 and CH4 flux determination at ecosystem/weather relevant time and space scale.
The instrument would exploit the four spectral regions: The Oxygen A-band for pressure and aerosols, the weak and strong bands of CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 microns, and a region near 2.32 microns for CO and CH4. The O2 and CO2 components are very similar to the instruments aboard OCO-2, and so we envision OCO-2 in geostationary orbit with the addition of a fourth channel to measure CO and CH4, but without an oceanic capability. The O2 A-band also provides for retrieval of Solar Induced Fluoresce (SIF).
The GeoCarb Mission persistent fine-scale daily mapping measurements, under changing conditions also enable significant advances on an important range of CO2 biotic issues, including: CO2 fertilization, change in primary production because of nitrogen deposition, and the influence of broad climatic patterns on terrestrial sources and sinks. This probes the mechanisms of the observed inter-annual variability in the atmospheric concentration of CO2. In sum, GeoCarb attacks the primary question of the nature of the net terrestrial sink of CO2.
Wetland ecosystems, rice paddies and livestock are major, and highly uncertain, sources of CH4. Several approaches have been used to scale up from measurements at individual plots to estimations of CH4 emissions at the landscape scale. However, there has been little large-scale top-down validation. Industrial sources are also poorly quantified. The geoCARB Mission’s high space- and time-measurements of CH4 enable important analyses of human impacts via agriculture and industry vs. natural phenomena on methane sources.
We will provide OSSE results for the orbital slots 90°W.
The instrument would exploit the four spectral regions: The Oxygen A-band for pressure and aerosols, the weak and strong bands of CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 microns, and a region near 2.32 microns for CO and CH4. The O2 and CO2 components are very similar to the instruments aboard OCO-2, and so we envision OCO-2 in geostationary orbit with the addition of a fourth channel to measure CO and CH4, but without an oceanic capability. The O2 A-band also provides for retrieval of Solar Induced Fluoresce (SIF).
The GeoCarb Mission persistent fine-scale daily mapping measurements, under changing conditions also enable significant advances on an important range of CO2 biotic issues, including: CO2 fertilization, change in primary production because of nitrogen deposition, and the influence of broad climatic patterns on terrestrial sources and sinks. This probes the mechanisms of the observed inter-annual variability in the atmospheric concentration of CO2. In sum, GeoCarb attacks the primary question of the nature of the net terrestrial sink of CO2.
Wetland ecosystems, rice paddies and livestock are major, and highly uncertain, sources of CH4. Several approaches have been used to scale up from measurements at individual plots to estimations of CH4 emissions at the landscape scale. However, there has been little large-scale top-down validation. Industrial sources are also poorly quantified. The geoCARB Mission’s high space- and time-measurements of CH4 enable important analyses of human impacts via agriculture and industry vs. natural phenomena on methane sources.
We will provide OSSE results for the orbital slots 90°W.
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