On the Relationship between Temperature Anomalies and U.S. Tornado Frequency

The relationship between mean global and U.S. temperature anomalies and U.S. tornado activity is investigated. Focusing on 1- and 3-monthly temperature anomalies and F/EF-1+ tornadoes over the period 1954–2018, preliminary work has indicated that anomalously warm winters tend to favor above average tornado activity, while warmer summers result in below normal frequency. Using global reanalysis data, efforts are currently underway to further explore the linkage between tornadoes and regional temperature anomalies, and the physical connection to the large-scale environment during different temperature regimes. Finally, the implication of the temperature-tornado relationship will be discussed within the context of societal impacts, seasonal prediction, and future climate change.