Incorporation of the Rotor Equivalent Wind Speed into the Weather Research and Forecasting Model's Wind Farm Parameterization

Wind power installations have been increasing in recent years, and because they interact with the local atmosphere and can influence wind speeds, temperatures and surface fluxes, weather forecasting models should consider their effects. Wind farm parameterizations currently exist for numerical weather prediction models, and they generally consider two turbine impacts: elevated drag in the region of the wind turbine rotor disk and increased turbulent kinetic energy production. The wind farm parameterization available in the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) calculates this drag and TKE as a function of hub-height wind speed. However, recent work has suggested that integrating momentum over the entire rotor disk (via a rotor-equivalent wind speed, or REWS) is more appropriate, especially for cases with high wind shear.

We have implemented this proposed change in the WRF wind farm parameterization and evaluate its impacts in an idealized environment, with varying amounts of wind speed shear and wind directional veer. Specifically, we evaluate three separate cases: neutral stability with low wind shear; high stability with high wind shear; and high stability with nonlinear wind shear. For most situations, consideration of the REWS has marginal impacts. However, for scenarios with highly nonlinear wind shear, the REWS can significantly affect model results.