The second study used an OSSE approach to generate synthetic temperature and humidity profiles from a hypothetical geostationary-based sounder from a nature run of a high impact weather event in central Oklahoma on 20 May 2013. The synthetic observations are then assimilated using an EaKF approach with hourly and 15 minute cycling to determine their effectiveness at improving the near storm environment. Results indicate that assimilating both temperature and humidity profiles reduced mid-tropospheric bias and error compared to assimilating conventional observations alone. While hourly cycling was generally effective, 15-minute cycling generally produced the lowest errors while also generating the best 2-4 hour updraft helicity forecasts of ongoing convection.
These projects represent two examples of how satellite based remote sensing observations may be used in WoF type forecast models. As increasing amounts of real data become available over time, the assimilation techniques used in these OSSE experiments will prove valuable in making the transition to an operational product with real observations.
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