Using a scaled wind-tunnel model (model scale 1:300) of the central business district (CBD) of Oklahoma City, systematic wind tunnel tests are carried out at the University of Hamburg, Germany. The first phase of experiments was in Spring 2003 (i.e. before the field campaign started) and the main objective was to provide information for planning of the field studies. Laser light-sheet flow visualizations and measurements of concentration timeseries were performed for wind directions typically observed during July in Oklahoma City and for several possible source locations.
The wind-tunnel simulations revealed a very instantaneous/non-stationary behavior for certain release locations. The plume is erratically shifted by more than ± 45° around the mean wind direction. Consequently, long periods with or without measurable tracer gas concentrations must be expected for downwind sampling positions across the entire central business district. For all release locations short periods with a significant upwind transport of the tracer could be observed. Furthermore, an almost instant vertical mixing of the tracer up to the height of the tallest buildings was observed for all release locations. The almost immediate vertical transport of tracer was expected for sources within the CBD, but was also visible for release locations south of the CBD. Due to the latter results the number of rooftop tracer samplers was increased during the field campaign and first field data confirm the somewhat unexpected strong vertical mixing.
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