Mesoscale cyclones over the Southern Ocean represent an important element in the global circulation of heat and moisture and the maintenance of Southern Hemisphere climate. We seek to advance the understanding of atmospheric processes responsible for the development and decay of Southern Ocean mesocyclones and to explore the interactions between these cyclones and the underlying surface conditions, including sea ice extent, thickness, concentration, motion, and temperature. In this presentation, we will describe a Southern Ocean mesocyclone climatology, created based on the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) output. The method applied to construct the climatology utilizes the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) technique. The seasonal variability between large-scale circulation patterns and their association to the cyclone formation over the Southern Ocean is of particular interest. In addition, variables that influence the formation of a cyclogenetic environment, such as sea surface temperatures and the sea-ice extent, are analysed.