A Real-Time Emergency Response Plan for Accidental Exposure of HNS (Hazardous and Noxious Substances) over the Sea near Korean Peninsula

A real-time emergency response plan has been proposed to monitor the diffusion of HNS (Hazardous and Noxious Substances) exposed accidentally to the atmosphere from a chemical cargo ship in the sea near the Korean peninsula. The WRF-Chem (version 3.6) model has been selected to estimate the behavior of target chemicals with considering chain chemical reactions together with weather conditions. The proposed emergency monitoring system has consisted with one main-domain with 9 km grid resolution (d01) together with six sub-domains with 1 km grid resolution (d02~d07) along the major ship routes near the Korean peninsula. The initial meteorological data to be used in the WRF-Chem has adopted from the NCEP FNL (Final) Operational Global Analysis data on 1°×1° grids prepared every 6 hours, and initial background atmospheric chemical data has accessed C-IFS-TM5 NRT(Near-Real-Time) of ECMWF's MACC project. The grid resolution of C-IFS-TM5 is 100 x 100 km, however, the first guess has downscaled to 9 km horizontal resolution WRF-Chem for main monitoring domain. Whenever an emergence caused by ship accident occurs in the main target area, the simulation for HNS behaviors in the atmosphere has activated automatically by a daughter model, which is chosen by considering that the center of pre-set sub-domain is nearest to the ship accident point. A couple of sample cases has been tested to demonstrate the capability of this proposed chemical emergency monitoring system.