Synoptic Environments and Characteristics of Convection Reaching Tropopause over the Northeast China

Large-scale environments and properties of deep convection overshooting tropopause over the Northeast China are analyzed using the data of two-years Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) and ERA-Interim reanalysis. Using subjective analysis of 153 overshooting cases in two years, the favorable synoptic conditions with overshooting convection in June, July and August are summarized into three different types, namely trough, cutoff low and shear conditions. The overshooting convection is frequently found in precipitation systems ahead of deep troughs with relatively larger sizes, and more intense than other conditions. Overshooting convection in the cutoff low environment is mostly embedded within a large precipitation region. The shear-type condition is featured with a stable mid troposphere and a high moist instability at low levels. The precipitation systems with overshooting convection under this condition have relatively smaller sizes than other conditions and are mostly found over mountain slopes, where topographical lifting likely provides a triggering mechanism.