Observed turbulent characteristics over a forest canopy using mini-SODAR

We describe the use of a SODAR technique for use within internal boundary layers and within roughness sub-layers. Turbulence characteristics observed in the first 150 m above a slash pine forest canopy is discussed. We used the BOKU mini-SODAR, operating at 4 and 4.3 kHz. Vertical profiles of instantaneous velocities obtained using the SODAR technique are used to estimate turbulence characteristics such as time scale, moments and turbulent kinetic energy. Turbulence statistics are compared against those of three-dimensional sonic anemometers placed at different vertical positions throughout the region of maximum shear and above the top of the roughness layer.