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Monday, 14 August 2000

5:00 PM-5:00 PM: Monday, 14 August 2000


Conference Registration (Freeborn Hall, located on the UC Davis Campus)

Tuesday, 15 August 2000

12:00 AM-12:00 AM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


MON 14 AUGUST

7:30 AM-7:30 AM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Conference Registration (Freeborn Hall, located on the UC Davis Campus)

9:00 AM-9:00 AM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Joint Conference Introduction
Organizer: Opening Address: Robert J. Serafin, AMS President-Elect and UCAR

9:15 AM-12:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 1
Evapotranspiration and the Energy Balance: Part 1
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Kyaw Tha Paw U, University of California
9:15 AM
1.1
Interannual and seasonal variability of latent and sensible heat fluxes above a coastal Douglas-fir forest
E. R. Humphreys, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and T. A. Black, E. M. Jork, G. B. Drewitt, D. L. Spittlehouse, Z. Nesic, and M. A. Arain

9:30 AM
1.2
The quotidian cycle of evapotranspiration from saltcedar
A. Salim Bawazir, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM; and L. W. Gay, T. W. Sammis, and J. P. King

9:45 AM
1.3
DRY BEAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES ESTIMATED BY PENMAN-MONTEITH EQUATION IN VENTILATED GREENHOUSE
Gilberto C. Sediyama, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; and M. K. Kobayashi, R. L. Gomide, P. C. Magalhães, and F. O. Duraes

10:00 AM
1.4
The Dynamics of the Surface-Atmosphere Exchange During and After Snow Melt for Different Arctic Ecosystems: MAGS
Constance M. Brown-Mitic, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; and P. H. Schuepp, I. J. Macpherson, S. Ogunjemiyo, and N. Neumann

10:15 AM
1.5
Spatial and temporal variations of soil heat flux in a corn field
Jerry L. Hatfield, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA; and J. H. Prueger

10:31 AM
1.7
Accuracy of reference evapotranspiration forecast
Pierpaolo Duce, CNR, Sassari, Italy; and R. L. Snyder and D. Spano

10:45 AM
1.8
Reference Crop Evapotranspiration and Climate Variability Study in a Mexican Irrigation District
Helene E. Unland, Mexican Institute of Water Technology, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico; and E. P. Pena

11:00 AM
1.9
Spatial relationships between Forest Canopies and Microclimate and Heat flows in a Patchy Mixed-conifer Forest
Siyan Ma, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI; and J. Chen and M. North

11:15 AM
1.10
Estimating net radiation absorbed by orchard and isolated tree
Antonio Roberto Pereira, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and L. R. Angelocci, N. A. Villa Nova, and P. C. Sentelhas

11:30 AM
1.3A
Morning Coffee Break

9:18 AM-10:05 AM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 1
Overview
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: C. Sue B. Grimmond, Indiana University
9:18 AM
1.1
Welcome
C. Sue B. Grimmond, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN

9:35 AM
1.3
The DOE URBAN Field Program for 2000-2004
Joseph H. Shinn, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and K. J. Allwine and G. E. Streit

9:50 AM
1.4
Urban effects on precipitation: A synthesis of the literature
Robert Bornstein, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA; and Q. Lin

9:30 AM-12:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 1
Scientfic Challenges in Aerobiology for the 21st Century
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
Organizer: Scott A. Isard, University of Illinois
9:30 AM
1.1
Aerobiology: no longer a hidden discipline
Paolo Mandrioli, CNR, Bologna, Italy

10:00 AM
1.2
Aerobiology, where are we and where are we going?: a Plant Pathologist's view
Alastair McCartney, Institute of Arable Crops Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

10:30 AM
1.3
Forecasting and visualization of atmospheric flows among North American ecological regions
Stuart H. Gage, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; and M. Colunga and S. A. Isard

11:00 AM
1.4
Building statistical hypotheses from aerobiological data sets
Paul Comtois, University of Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada

11:30 AM
1.5
Decision support systems for managing ecosystems impacted by aerobiota that move long distances
Scott A. Isard, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL; and S. H. Gage

12:00 PM
1.1a
Morning Coffee Break

10:05 AM-10:30 AM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Coffee Break

10:30 AM-12:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 2
Urban winds and turbulence 1
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: M. Brown, LANL
10:30 AM
2.1
Wind input data for urban dispersion modeling – Activities of Working Group 1 within COST 715
Mathias W. Rotach, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland; and E. Batchvarova, R. Berkowicz, J. Brechler, Z. Janour, P. Kastner-Klein, D. Middleton, V. Prior, C. Sacre, and C. Soriano

10:45 AM
2.2
The revised Davenport roughness classification for cities and sheltered country
Alan Davenport, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; and C. S. B. Grimmond, T. Oke, and J. Wieringa

11:00 AM
2.3
Morphological Parameters for Urban Dispersion Models
Carlo F. Ratti, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and S. Di Sabatino, F. Caton, and R. E. Britter

11:15 AM
2.4
Analysis of urban databases with respect to mesoscale modeling requirements
Michael J. Brown, LANL, Los Alamos, NM; and S. Burian and C. Muller

11:30 AM
2.5
Spatial variability of mean flow and turbulence fields in street canyons
Petra Kastner-Klein, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland; and M. W. Rotach, M. J. Brown, E. Fedorovich, and R. E. Lawson

11:45 AM
2.6

12:00 PM-1:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Lunch Break

Lunch Break

12:30 PM-2:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Lunch Break

1:30 PM-3:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 3
Urban winds and turbulence 2
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: W. Dabberdt, NCAR
1:30 PM
3.1
Mean Flow and Turbulence Measurements Around a 3-D Array of Buildings in a Wind Tunnel
Robert E. Lawson, Jr., NOAA/ERL, Research Triangle Park, NC; and M. J. Brown, D. S. DeCroix, and R. L. Lee

1:45 PM
3.2
The characteristics of turbulent heat fluxes observed in the thermal stratification wind tunnel
Yasunobu Ashie, Building Research Institute, Ministry of Construction, Tsukuba, Japan

2:00 PM
3.3
Measurements of turbulence in the urban environment
Janet F. Barlow, University of Reading, Reading, Berks., United Kingdom; and S. E. Belcher

2:15 PM
3.4
The Tokyo-98 Urban Turbulence Experiment
Matthias Roth, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Malaysia; and M. Kanda, J. Voogt, R. Moriwaki, S. Kubo, H. Ueda, I. Uno, Y. Nakamura, J. Suzuki, A. Soux, and T. R. Oke

2:30 PM
3.5
Detection and Analysis of Organized Motions in Urban Turbulence
Christian Feigenwinter, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and R. Vogt and E. Parlow

2:45 PM
3.6
An Initial Urban Wind Field Study in Washington, DC
E. Toton, Logican RDA, Alexandria, VA; and R. Hosker Jr., J. Bowers, C. Blitoft, and B. Bauer

1:30 PM-3:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Poster Session 1
Formal Viewing
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
P1.1
Seasonal variation in the energy and water balances of an Ozark grassland
Thomas J. Sauer, USDA/ARS, Ames, IA; and P. A. Moore Jr., J. M. Ham, W. L. Bland, J. H. Prueger, and C. P. West

P1.2
Seasonal variations in the energy budget and CO2 flux over a temperate deciduous forest
Tsutomu Watanabe, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and K. Yamanoi, Y. Yasuda, Y. Ohtani, M. Okano, and Y. Mizoguchi

P1.3
Soil and bean crop reflectances in the semi-arid region of the Northeast Brazil
Tantravahi V. Ramana Rao, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; and J. Fideles Filho, J. Q. Nóbrega, and R. T. Dantas

P1.4
Spring frost in Northern Italy orchards: a project on previsions, monitoring and control
Federica Rossi, CNR, Bologna, Italy; and O. Facini, S. Loreti, T. Georgiadis, and F. Zinoni

P1.5
Water requirements of table grapes in an arid site
Bernardo B. da Silva, Federal University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil; and D. C. Slack, M. W. Kilby, and A. K. Hla

P1.6
Study of the impact of weather factors on the types and characteristics of fungi diseases affecting wheat crops
Zbigniew Szwejkowski, Warmia and Mazury Univ., Olsztyn, Poland; and T. Kurowski

P1.7
The Georgia Automated Environmental Monitoring Network
Gerrit Hoogenboom, Washington State University, WA

P1.8
The influence of different weather front types for light trapping of European Corn Borer (Ostrinia Nubilalis Hbn)
Janos Puskas, Berzsenyi College, Szombathely, Hungary; and L. Nowinszky and E. Nagy

P1.9
Long Term Experience With Quality Control Procedures Applied to Meteorological Data
D. W. Meek, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA; and J. L. Hatfield, K. J. Cole, R. J. Jaquis, and J. H. Prueger

P1.10
P1.11
A Comparison of Common Pan Evaporation to Reference Evapotranspiration Equations
Young-San Park, University of California, Davis, CA; and R. L. Snyder and M. Orang

P1.12
A new method for estimating hourly temperature and degree days
Carla Cesaraccio, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; and R. L. Snyder, D. Spano, and P. Duce

P1.13
Asymmetric diurnal cycles in forests and the calculation of heat sums
Brian E. Potter, USDA Forest Service, East Lansing, MI

P1.14
Climate Characterization Using Hourly Temperature and Humidity with ASOS and AWS data
Xiaomao Lin, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; and K. G. Hubbard

P1.15
Climatic influences on dissolved nutrients in an agribusiness-dominated eutrophic estuary
Brent J. Thomas, Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE; and L. Kalkstein and D. Miller

2:00 PM-4:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 2
Detection, Modelling, and Forecasting of Aerobiota
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
2:00 PM
2.1
Detecting airborne plant pathogenic fungal spores by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays
Alastair McCartney, Institute of Arable Crops Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom; and C. Calderon, J. Freeman, and E. Ward

2:30 PM
2.2
Bio-aerosol dispersal from Hog operations: Modeling and Measurement
Richard H. Grant, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN; and A. J. Heber, C. C. Wu, N. J. Zimmerman, P. Du, K. Fakhoury, T. T. Lim, and J. Q. Ni

4:00 PM
2.5
Implementation of a regional wheat disease forecasting system
Leonard J. Francl, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND

4:30 PM
2.2a
Afternoon Coffee Break

3:00 PM-3:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Coffee Break

Coffee Break

3:30 PM-4:45 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 4
Urban Winds and Turbulence 3
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: M. Roth, University of Singapore
3:30 PM
4.1
Turbulence Measurements in the Urban Boundary Layer and Comparison of Roughness Length with Land Use
Gabriel G. Rooney, UK Met Office, Bracknell, Berks., United Kingdom

3:45 PM
4.2
Preliminary Analysis of urban wind profiles for an urban flow index
Ronald M. Cionco, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, White Sands Missile Range, NM

4:00 PM
4.3
Heat Fluxes and Stability in Cities
C. Sue B. Grimmond, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and T. R. Oke

4:15 PM
4.4
Dispersion of a passive tracer within and above an urban canopy: Birmingham, UK, experiment
Rex E. Britter, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and F. Caton, S. Di Sabatino, K. M. Cooke, P. Simmonds, and G. Nickless

4:30 PM
4.5
The Development of a Highly Sensitive and Selective Technique to Monitor Tracer Dispersion within an Urban Environment
Kim M. Cooke, Univ. of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and P. G. Simmonds and G. N. Nickless

3:30 PM-6:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 2
Evaporation and the Energy Balance: Part 2
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Donatella Spano, University of Potenza
3:30 PM
2.1
Surface eddy flux, cospectral similarity, and energy budget closure
Ricardo K. Sakai, SUNY, Albany, NY; and D. R. Fitzjarrald Sr. and K. E. Moore

3:45 PM
2.2
Energy exchanges across a corn-soybean field in the Midwest
Jerry L. Hatfield, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA; and J. H. Prueger and Y. Ma

4:00 PM
2.3
Bowen ratio evaporation measurement in a montane grassland: data integrity and fluxes
Michael J. Savage Sr., University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and C. S. Everson and B. R. Metelerkamp

4:15 PM
2.4
Annual Distribution of Energy Fluxes in a Tallgrass Prairie Related to Canopy Growth
George G. Burba, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; and S. B. Verma

4:31 PM
2.6
Comparing direct measurements of root-zone soil moisture in a forest with piezometric weighing lysimeter records
Alan G. Barr, Meteorological Service of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; and G. van der Kamp, R. Schmidt, and T. A. Black

4:45 PM
2.7
Combining evapo-transpiration measurements with xylem diameter changes
Sanna Sevanto, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; and T. Vesala, M. Perämäki, J. Pumpanen, and E. Nikinmaa

5:00 PM
2.8
Energy balance in a mango orchard in Northeast of Brazil
Bernardo B. da Silva, Federal University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil; and P. V. de Azevedo, P. M. de O. Lopes, V. de Paulo R. da Silva, J. E. Sobrinho, and A. H. de C. Teixeira

5:15 PM
2.9
Micrometeorology meets Tracer Hydrology in determining Forest Evapotranspiration
Lutz W. Jaeger, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; and S. Holzkamper

5:30 PM
2.10
Evapotranspiration of a mango orchard in a semiarid site of Northeast Brazil
Pedro V. de Azevedo, Federal University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil; and B. B. da Silva, V. de P. R. da Silva, L. H. Bassoi, and J. M. Soares

5:45 PM
2.11
Adaptation of conventional evapotranspiration models to estimate irrigated apple tree transpiration
Antonio R. Pereira, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and N. A. Villa Nova, L. R. Angelocci, and C. Valancogne

4:45 PM-5:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Session 5
Urban Boundary Layer
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: W. Kuttler, University of Essen
4:45 PM
5.1
Urban Boundary Layer Measurements with a Commercial Ceilometer
Janne Räsänen, Vaisala Oyj, Helsinki, Finland; and J. Lönnqvist and A. K. Piironen

5:00 PM
5.3
Modelling of Meteorological Conditions at an Urban Scale for the Puma Summer Campaign
X.-M. Cai, Univ. of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and Y. P. Tsim and G. R. McGregor

5:15 PM
5.4
Turbulent Heat and Momentum Fluxes in the Urban Boundary Layer Derived from a k-epsilon Turbulence Closure Model
Thanh Ca Vu, Saitama University, Urawa, Saitama, Japan; and Y. Ashie and T. Asaeda

5:00 PM-5:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Sessions end for the day

5:15 PM-5:15 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Sessions End for the Day

6:00 PM-6:00 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Sessions end for the day

6:00 PM-7:30 PM: Tuesday, 15 August 2000


Welcome Reception with Exhibits (Cash Bar)

Wednesday, 16 August 2000

12:00 AM-12:00 AM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


TUE 15 AUGUST

8:00 AM-10:00 AM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 6
Turbulent transport and dispersion processes (around buildings and in urban areas) 1
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: A.J. Arnfield, Ohio State University
8:00 AM
6.1
Modelling dynamics of urban meteorology
Stephen E Belcher, University of Reading, Reading, Berks., United Kingdom

8:15 AM
6.2
Wind transport in an idealised urban canopy
John D. Wilson, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; and E. E. Yee

8:30 AM
6.3
Large eddy simulation of flow past cubic obstacles
David W. Lim, Titan Research and Technology, Chatsworth, CA; and P. A. Hookham

8:45 AM
6.4
LES and RANS model evaluations of flow around a complex building
Ronald J. Calhoun, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and S. T. Chan, R. L. Lee, J. Leone, J. H. Shinn, and D. E. Stevens

9:00 AM
6.5
Simulation of Fluid Dynamics around a Cubical Building
Sally A. Cheatham, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA; and B. Z. Cybyk and J. P. Boris

9:15 AM
6.6
Detailed modeling of air flow around a complex building
Mark H. Emery, NRL, Washington, DC; and A. Y. Chtchelkanova, B. Z. Cybyk, J. P. Boris, J. H. Shinn, and F. J. Gouveia

9:30 AM
6.7
An Experiment to Evaluate Models of Air Flow around a Building.
Joseph H. Shinn, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and F. J. Gouveia

9:45 AM
6.8
Building scale simulations in support of field experiments around Salt Lake City
David E. Stevens, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and R. J. Calhoun, S. T. Chan, R. L. Lee, J. M. Leone, and J. H. Shinn

8:00 AM-5:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Conference Registration continues through Friday

8:30 AM-12:00 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 3
Effects of weather and climate on agriculture and forestry
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizers: Richard L. Snyder, University of California; Jerry L. Hatfield, USDA/ARS
8:30 AM
3.1
Effects of nitrogen application and weather on corn as detected by micrometeorology and remote sensing techniques
E. Pattey, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada; and I. B. Strachan and J. Boisvert

8:45 AM
3.2
Environmental prediction: early detection of atmosphere-land use changes in Ontario, Canada
Heather Auld, MSC/EC, Downsview, ON, Canada; and D. C. MacIver

9:00 AM
3.3
Microclimatic factors affecting winter survival of gypsy moth eggs in Michigan
Jeffrey A. Andresen, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; and D. G. McCullough, L. S. Bauer, C. N. Koller, D. L. Miller, and C. W. Ramm

9:15 AM
3.4
Predicting Water-Use Efficiency Canopy at level under Climatic Change
Liu-Kang Xu, University of California, Davis, CA; and T. C. Hsiao

9:30 AM
3.5
The phenology of leaf emergence and expansion in a boreal aspen forest
Alan G. Barr, Meteorological Service of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; and T. A. Black, C. Hrynkiw, and P. Pacholek

9:45 AM
3.6
Development of weather-based products for agricultural and environmental applications
Gerrit Hoogenboom, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA; and G. A. Georgia and D. D. Gresham

10:00 AM
3.7
Analysis of Soil Temperature Change for Different Sowing Styles of Winter Wheat Over Winter
Chunqiang Li, Meteorological Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; and H. Li, D. Sun, G. Meng, L. Du, and J. He

10:15 AM
3.8
Defining agroclimatological factors influencing vulnerability to agricultural drought: a Nebraska case study
Olga V. Wilhelmi, NCAR, Boulder, CO; and K. G. Hubbard and D. A. Wilhite

10:30 AM
3.9
Climate influences on grapevine phenology, grape composition, and wine production and quality for Bordeaux, France
Gregory V. Jones, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR; and R. E. Davis

10:45 AM
3.10
Climatological characterization of wind and snowfall in Minnesota for assessing the impact of living snow fences
Martha D. Shulski, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and M. W. Seeley

11:00 AM
3.11
15-year height of pinus ponderosa is correlated with diurnal temperature variation during bud elongation
John N. Church, University of California, Davis, CA; and R. S. Criddle and L. D. Hansen

11:15 AM
3.12
Characterizing Namibian Rainfall for Agricultural Purposes
A. Louis du Pisani, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Rural Development, Windhoek, Namibia

11:30 AM
3.6A
Morning Coffee Break

9:00 AM-10:00 AM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Poster Session 1
Aerobiology: Formal Viewing
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
P1.2
Honeybees scavenge airborne bacteria from the atmosphere
Bruce Lighthart, Microbial Aerosol Research Laboratory LLC, Missoula, MT; and K. Prier, G. Loper, and J. Bromenshenk

P1.3
Mycospora: An interactive internet site for fungus spore identification
Beatriz Escamilla-Garcia, New York State Museum, Albany, NY; and J. H. Haines

10:00 AM-10:00 AM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 3
Panel Discussion on the Technical Challenges in Aeroibology for the 21st Century
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
Organizers: Estelle Levetin, University of Tulsa; John Westbrook, USDA-ARS

10:00 AM-10:30 AM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Coffee Break

Coffee Break

10:30 AM-12:15 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 7
Turbulent transport and dispersion processes (around buildings and in urban areas) 2
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: R. Cionco, US Army Research Laboratory
10:30 AM
7.1
Urban Dispersion CFD Modeling, Fact or Fiction?
Robert L. Lee, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and R. J. Calhoun, S. T. Chan, J. Leone Jr., J. H. Shinn, and D. E. Stevens

10:45 AM
7.2
Comparison of results from field measurements, wind tunnel experiments and numerical urban dispersion models
Michael Schatzmann, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; and B. Leitl

11:00 AM
7.3
A model for flow and dispersion around buildings and its validation using laboratory measurements
S. T. Chan, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and D. E. Stevens and R. L. Lee

11:15 AM
7.4
The results of an initial validation study of an urban dispersion model
Chris John, DERA Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom; and I. H. Griffiths, D. J. Hall, and A. M. Spanton

11:30 AM
7.5
Coupling of external winds and recirculations with interior contaminant release modeling
Bohdan Z. Cybyk, NRL, Washington, DC; and J. P. Boris and T. R. Young Jr.

11:45 AM
7.6
Comparison of airflow in two different passively ventilated subway systems—New York City (USA) and Dortmund (Germany)
Andreas Pflitsch, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and M. Kleeberger

12:00 PM
7.7
Addressing human exposures to air pollutants around buildings in urban areas with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models
Alan H. Huber, NOAA/ARL, Research Triangle Park, NC; and M. Bolstad, M. Freeman, S. Rida, E. Bish, and K. Kuehlert

12:00 PM-1:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Lunch Break

Lunch Break

12:15 PM-1:45 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Lunch Break

1:30 PM-4:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 4
Aerobiology Curriculum Development
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
Organizer: Paul Comtois, University of Montreal
1:30 PM
4.1
Aerobiology teaching from a botanical perspective
Giuseppe Frenguelli, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

2:00 PM
4.2
Aerobiological teaching from a mycological perspective
Estelle Levetin, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK

2:30 PM
4.3
3:00 PM
4.4
Teaching aerobiology from a geographical perspective
Paul Comtois, University of Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada

3:30 PM
4.5
The Potential of Distance Learning in Aerobiology
Scott A. Isard, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL

4:00 PM
4.3a
Afternoon Coffee Break

1:30 PM-5:15 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 4
Theoretical and applied studies of interactions between the atmosphere and the land surface
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizers: Alan G. Barr, Meteorological Service of Canada; David R. Miller, University of Connecticut
1:30 PM
4.1
Investigation of Near-Surface Soil Freezing and Thawing in North America
Tingjun Zhang, CIRES/University of Colorado, Boulder, CO; and R. L. Armstrong and J. Smith

1:45 PM
4.2
Determining scalar fluxes over an old-growth forest using surface renewal
Donatella Spano, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy; and R. L. Snyder, P. Duce, K. T. Paw U, and M. Falk

2:00 PM
4.3
Recent Improvements to the Meyers Multi-layer Dry Deposition Model
Bart Brashers, NOAA, Research Triangle Park, NC; and Y. Wu and P. L. Finkelstein

2:15 PM
4.4
Variation of air temperature in a gully in Eastern Kansas during nocturnal periods
Jerry L. Hatfield, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA; and J. H. Prueger and L. Mahrt

2:30 PM
4.5
Spatially distributed hydrologic-biophysical modeling: applications in precision agriculture
Charles Rodgers, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; and J. Mecikalski, C. Molling, J. Norman, C. Kucharik, and C. Morgan

2:45 PM
4.6
Model calculated soil moisture or precipitation for yield modeling?
Seth E. Snell, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; and L. Scuderi, R. Kaufmann, and S. Gopal

3:00 PM
4.7
Improvement of the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) under Stable Conditions
Aisheng Wu, MSC, Toronto, ON, Canada; and D. L. Verseghy

3:15 PM
4.8
3:31 PM
4.10
A spectral analysis of biosphere-atmosphere trace gas flux densities and meteorological variables across hour to year time scales
Dennis Baldocchi, University of California, Berkeley, CA; and E. Falge and K. Wilson

3:45 PM
4.11
Observations on the role of treeline in controlling atmospheric circulations
Jason Beringer, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK; and F. S. Chapin III, I. McHugh, and N. J. Tapper

4:00 PM
4.12
Feedbacks between the atmospheric boundary layer and terrestrial ecosystems: implications for global-scale modelling
Peter Levy, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, United Kingdom; and C. Huntingford

4:15 PM
4.13
Spectral Transfer of Velocity—Temperature Correlation for Inhomogeneous Turbulence for Atmosphere-Land Interaction
Sukaran Ram Patel, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil

4:30 PM
4.14
Crop modeling in Namibia
Albert J. Calitz, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Rural Development, Windhoek, Namibia; and A. L. du Pisani

4:45 PM
4.6A
Afternoon Coffee Break

1:45 PM-2:45 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 8
Local- Meso-scale modelling
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: Thanh Ca Vu, Saitama University
1:45 PM
8.1
Numerical modeling from mesoscale to urban scale to building scale
Michael J. Brown, LANL, Los Alamos, NM; and M. Leach, J. Reisner, D. E. Stevens, S. Smith, S. T. Chin, S. Chan, and R. L. Lee

2:00 PM
8.2
Coupled microscale-mesoscale modeling of contaminant transport in urban environments
Carey F. Cox, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX; and B. Z. Cybyk, J. P. Boris, Y. T. Fung, and S. W. Chang

2:15 PM
8.3
Airflow and diffusion modeling for neighborhood scale, urban air quality scenarios
Ronald M. Cionco, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, White Sands Missile Range, NM

2:30 PM
8.4
Can we represent urban areas in operational numerical weather prediction models?
M. J. Best, UK Met Office, Bracknell, Berks., United Kingdom

2:45 PM-3:15 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Coffee Break

3:00 PM-5:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Exhibit Hours

3:15 PM-4:15 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 9
Mesoscale interactions between cities and their surroundings
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: R. Bornstein, San Jose State University
3:15 PM
9.1
A cellular automaton urban growth model modified for satellite data input and regional climate output.
S. Traci Arthur, Penn State Univ., State College, PA; and T. N. Carlson

3:45 PM
9.3
Mesoscale modeling of urban-rural complex with the inclusion of land surface processes
Tsuyoshi Kinouchi, Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and M. F. Jasinski

4:00 PM
9.4
A Sensitivity Study of the Urban Effect on a Regional-Scale Model: An Idealized Case
Hung-Neng S. Chin, LLNL, Livermore, CA; and M. J. Leach and M. J. Brown

4:15 PM-5:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Session 10
Urban heat islands
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: T.R. Oke, University of British Columbia
4:15 PM
10.1
4:30 PM
10.2
Tests of the performance of Analgorithmic scheme of the hourly urban heat island
Mark Barton, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and T. R. Oke

4:45 PM
10.3
5:00 PM
10.4
Effects of a drainage flow from surrounding mountains on an urban heat island of a city located at the bottom of a basin
Takashi Asaeda, Saitama University, Urawa, Saitama, Japan; and T. Fujino and S. W. Armfield

4:30 PM-4:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Sessions end for the day

5:30 PM-5:30 PM: Wednesday, 16 August 2000


Sessions End for the Day

Sessions end for the day

Thursday, 17 August 2000

12:00 AM-12:00 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


WED 16 AUGUST

8:45 AM-10:15 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 11
Urban air quality 1
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: Jason Ching, NOAA/ARL
8:46 AM
11.2
Influence and Evaluation of Meteorological Parameters on Urban Air Quality Modelling Using CALINE4
Anthony W. Reynolds, National Univ. of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

9:00 AM
11.3
9:15 AM
11.5
Understanding the influence of local and regional sources on the temporal and spatial variability of pollutants in urban environments
Joanne H. Shorter, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA; and J. B. McManus, C. E. Kolb, B. K. Lamb, S. M. O'Neill, E. J. Allwine, R. W. Talbot, E. Scheuer, P. M. Crill, J. Ferreira Jr., and G. J. McRae

9:30 AM
11.6
Analysis of the summer air quality over an artificial lake area near to a city using FTIR and DOAS
Wilhelm Kuttler, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; and T. Lamp and K. Weber

9:45 AM
11.7
PM-10 observations and cloud characteristics in Mexico City
Graciela B. Raga, Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; and D. Baumgardner and F. Oropeza

10:00 AM
11.8
Air quality modeling of PM and air toxics at neighborhood scales to improve human exposure assessments.
Jason Ching, NOAA/ARL, Research Triangle Park, NC; and A. Lacser, D. W. Byun, and W. Benjey

8:45 AM-11:15 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 5
Canopy micrometeorology
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: John D. Wilson, University of Alberta
8:45 AM
5.1
9:00 AM
5.2
The effect of scalar source distribution on eddy diffusivities and bulk transfer coefficients
Margi Bohm, Univ. of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; and M. R. Raupach and J. J. Finnigan

9:15 AM
5.3
Higher order turbulent statistics in plant canopies
Kyaw Tha Paw U, University of California, Davis, CA; and M. Falk, R. D. Pyles, R. H. Shaw, and T. King

9:30 AM
5.4
An EOF Analysis of the Structure of the Large-Eddy Motion in a Plant Canopy
John J. Finnigan, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia; and R. H. Shaw

9:45 AM
5.5
(Formerly Paper 5.6) Building a physical model of water transfer by rain splash in a 3-D canopy structure
S. Saint-Jean, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Thiverval-Grignon, France; and L. Huber and M. Chelle

10:00 AM
5.6
(formerly paper 5.5) Dispersive fluxes and canopy flows: Just how important are they?
Margi Bohm, Univ. of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; and J. J. Finnigan and M. R. Raupach

10:15 AM
5.7
A numerical simulation of airflow over and through a forest edge using large eddy simulation
Bai Yang, University of California, Davis, CA; and R. H. Shaw and K. T. Paw U

10:45 AM
5.5A
Morning Coffee Break

9:00 AM-10:00 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Poster Session 2
Human Biometeorology: Formal Viewing of Poster Sessions P2 & P3
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
P2.1
Daily children's hospital admissions for asthma, air pollution and meteorological conditions in Montreal, Canada
David B. Frost, Concordia University, Montreal, PQ, Canada; and K. M. Deschamps

P2.3
Outer influences of atmospherics conditions during fronts passing against free radicals
Olivija Todorovic, Republic Hydrometeorological Institute, Skopje, Macedonia; and L. Markovska, T. Cepreganova, A. Mitrevski, and M. Cepreganov


Poster Session 3
Vegetation Biometeorology: Formal Viewing of Poster Sessions P2 & P3
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
P3.1
Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE): effects on sorghum evapotranspiration under well-watered and water stressed irrigation treatment
Matthew M. Conley, USDA/ARS, Phoenix, AZ; and B. A. Kimball, D. J. Hunsaker, M. J. Ottman, G. W. Wall, P. J. Pinter, N. R. Adam, R. L. LaMorte, A. D. Matthias, T. L. Thompson, S. W. Leavitt, T. J. Brooks, A. B. Cousins, and J. M. Triggs

9:00 AM-12:00 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Exhibit Hours

10:00 AM-10:30 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Coffee Break

10:15 AM-10:45 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Coffee Break

10:30 AM-11:30 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 5
Human Biometeorology
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
10:30 AM
5.1
Comparison of Chicago heat deaths in the 1995 nad 1999 Midwestern US heat waves
Kenneth E. Kunkel, ISWS, Champaign, IL; and M. Palecki and S. A. Changnon

11:00 AM
5.2
Decadal shifts in summer weather/mortality relationships in the United States by region, demography, and cause of death
Robert E. Davis, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; and P. C. Knappenberger, W. M. Novicoff, and P. J. Michaels

10:45 AM-11:57 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 12
Urban air quality 2
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: J Shinn, LLNL
10:45 AM
12.1
Assessment of Urban Soot Emissions - The CO-Black Carbon Link
Darrel Baumgardner, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico; and G. Raga and O. Peralta

11:00 AM
12.4
Ozone transport assessments within the state of California
Steven C. Gouze, Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA

11:15 AM
12.5
11:30 AM
12.6
Ozone Scenario Analysis in Madrid domain by using the Air Quality Modelling System (ANA)
R. San José V, Technical Univ. of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and I. Salas, J. L. Perez, J. I. Pena, A. Martin, and R. M. González V

11:45 AM
12.8

11:15 AM-11:44 AM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 6
Micrometeorological Instrumentation
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Bertrand D. Tanner, Campbell Scientific, Inc.
11:15 AM
6.1
Evaluation of Air Temperature Measurements in Weather Stations
Kenneth G. Hubbard, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; and X. Lin

11:31 AM
6.3
Random error in atmospheric flux measurements
Peter L. Finkelstein, NOAA and U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC

11:45 AM-1:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Lunch Break

12:00 PM-1:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Lunch Break

Lunch Break

1:30 PM-1:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Poster Session 2
Formal Viewing
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
P2.2
The influence of simple chemistry on scalar variance and vertical-flux budgets above and within a forest canopy
Edward G. Patton, Penn State Univ., University Park, PA; and K. J. Davis, M. C. Barth, and P. P. Sullivan

P2.3
Observed turbulent characteristics over a forest canopy using mini-SODAR
Thara V. Prabha, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA; and M. Y. Leclerc, M. Sanford, and E. Mursch-Radlgruber

P2.4
Monoterpene fluxes estimated using canopy models for a Pacific northwest old growth forest
Shelley Pressley, Washington State University, Pullman, WA; and B. K. Lamb, H. Westberg, D. Pyles, K. T. Paw U, and A. Guenther

P2.5
estimating soil heat flux density
Richard L. Snyder, University of California, Davis, CA; and K. T. Paw U and H. Wabeh

P2.7
Comparison of tracer emission rates calculated from three different techniques
Thomas K. Flesch, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; and J. H. Prueger and J. L. Hatfield

P2.8
Comparison of 3-D sonic anemometers
D.L. Spittlehouse, BC Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC, Canada; and T. A. Black, B. Chen, E. R. Humphreys, and Z. Nesic

P2.10
P2.11
Study on the characteristics of rice paddy water temperature and its relation to dew formation on leaves
Tsuneo Kuwagata, Tohoku National Agricultural Experiment Station, Morioka, Iwate, Japan; and T. Hamasaki and T. Watanabe

P2.12
Measuring Isotopic Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Using In Situ Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
Steven D. Sargent, Campbell Scientific, Inc., Logan, UT; and B. D. Tanner

P2.13
Predicting Incoming Radiation from Long-Term Temperature and Sunshine Records in Britain
Sophie E. Hale, Forestry Commission Research Agency, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom; and P. E. Levy

P2.14
Ecosystem evaporation, transpiration and sub-canopy vapor fluxes at the Morgan Monroe State Forest, Indiana
C. Susan B. Grimmond, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and P. J. Hanson, H. P. Schmid, S. D. Wullschleger, F. D. Cropley, H. B. Su, B. Offerle, and S. L. Scott

P2.15
A Preliminary intercomparison of micrometeorological and ecological estimates of carbon sequestration in a Mid-latitude Deciduous Forest for 1998 and 1999
J. L. Ehman, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and H. P. Schmid, C. S. B. Grimmond, J. C. Randolph, C. A. Wayson, P. J. Hanson, F. D. Cropley, H. B. Su, S. L. Scott, and B. Offerle

P2.16
The Effect of Elevated CO2 on Carbon and Water Vapor flux in Southern California Chaparral
Yufu Cheng, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA; and W. C. Oechel, S. J. Hastings, J. Major, P. Bryant, and J. Verfaillie

P2.17
Comparing CO2 and H2O Vapor Exchange at Two Alaskan Arctic Tundra Ecosystems Using Tower-Based Eddy Covariance
Hyojung Kwon, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA; and W. C. Oechel, R. C. Zulueta, and G. L. Vourlitis

P2.18
Preliminary landscape scale measurements of carbon and energy exchange in a Sarcocaulescent Desert Ecosystem
Rommel C. Zulueta, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA; and S. J. Hastings and W. C. Oechel

1:30 PM-3:00 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Poster Session 1
Urban Posters
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
P1.1
Field measurements and modelling of Urban Meteorology in Birmingham, UK
Nicola L. Ellis, UK Met Office, Bracknell, Berks., United Kingdom; and D. R. Middleton

P1.3
Vertical structure of the urban and rural boundary layer in Mülheim/Ruhr (Germany)
Andreas Pflitsch, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and J. Pyka, J. Piasecki, and M. Killing

P1.4
Quantifying passive and forced airflows through the subway platforms of Dortmund (Germany)
Andreas Pflitsch, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and C. Geppert

P1.5
Modeling the Upwind Pollutant Source Footprint Along Backward Trajectories Using the MM5/CALMET/CALPUFF Modeling System
Sergey Napelenok, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA; and S. M. O'Neill, B. K. Lamb, E. J. Allwine, and D. Stock

P1.6
Numerical Forecast of the Primary Air Pollutants (SO2 NOx TSP) in Shijiazhuang City
Yinqi Fan, Meteorological Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

P1.7
Investigation on the climatic effect of small sloping areas of open-country on the urban climate
Martin Kleeberger, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and A. Pflitsch

P1.8
The effect of the of the global atmospheric circulation changes on the regional climate and climate of the cities in the Ukraine.
Vazira F. Martazinova, Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Kiev, Ukraine; and M. B. Barabash and T. A. Sverdlik

P1.9
P1.10
Heating and cooling in Colorado mining towns
Frederick B. Chambers, University of Colorado, Denver, CO; and A. J. Brazel

P1.11
Urbanization and its Effect on Temperature in Phoenix Arizona
G. Douglas Green, NOAA/NWS, Phoenix, AZ; and J. A. Skindlov and K. Butzke

P1.12
A look at spatial and temporal climate change on the urban fringe
Sharolyn Anderson, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and A. J. Brazel

P1.14
Urban environmental analysis from high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
Carlo F. Ratti, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; and P. N. Richens and M. Trinder

P1.15
Urban Vegetation and their Relative Ability in Intercepting Particle Pollution (PM2.5)
Kamran K. Abdollahi, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA; and Z. H. Ning and A. Negatu

P1.16
Fringe factor and view angle effect on gap fraction measurement for mature trees in California
Qingfu Xiao, University of California, Davis, CA; and E. G. McPherson, P. J. Peper, J. R. Simpson, and S. L. Ustin

P1.17
Surface water storage capacity of mature street trees in Davis, California
Qingfu Xiao, University of California, Davis, CA; and E. G. McPherson and S. Ustin

P1.18
International Urban Climate Homepage - A tool for Urban Climate
Andreas Matzarakis, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; and J. Baumueller and H. Mayer

P1.20
The Characteristics of Air Temperature Distribution in Seoul, Korea using Automatic Weather Station Data, 1999
Kyung-On Boo, Korea Meteorological Institute, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South); and S. N. Oh

P1.21
A parameterization of the urban effects for mesoscale models
Alberto Martilli, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; and A. Clappier and M. W. Rotach

P1.22
Analysis of Traffic-Induced Turbulence
Stephan Henne, Univ. of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

P1.23
PHYSICAL MODELING OF BOUNDARY LAYER CHARACTERISTICS FOR IN-CANOPY LAYER DISPERSION PROCESSES
Frauke Pascheke, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; and B. Leitl and M. Schatzmann

P1.24
APPLICATION OF FREE SOFTWARE MODULES FOR THE COMPUTATION OF 3D FLOW FIELDS
David Grawe, Univ. of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

1:30 PM-3:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 6
Vegetation Biometeorology
Host: 14th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology
1:30 PM
6.1
Dew deposition across a longitudinal sand dune with biological crusting, Negev desert, Israel
Adrie F.G. Jacobs, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; and B. G. Heusinkveld and S. Berkowicz

2:00 PM
6.2
Effects of Short-Term Weather Events on Corn Yield
Steven E. Hollinger, ISWS, Champaign, IL; and T. P. Meyers

2:30 PM
6.3
Micrometeorological estimates of carbon exchange in an old-growth forest
Kyaw Tha Paw U, University of California, Davis, CA; and M. Falk, T. H. Suchanek, S. L. Ustin, T. C. Hsiao, R. H. Shaw, T. King, R. D. Pyles, A. A. Matista, and J. Chen

3:00 PM
6.4
The changing atmosphere, forest biodiversity and productivity in Ontario, Canada
Don C. MacIver, MSC, Downsview, ON, Canada; and H. Auld


Exhibit Hours

3:00 PM-3:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


1
Coffee Break

3:30 PM-3:30 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Conference Ends

3:30 PM-4:00 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Coffee Break

3:30 PM-5:15 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Session 7
Canopy Micrometeorology - Observation
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Monique Y. Leclerc, University of Georgia
3:30 PM
7.1
Comparison of TKE and Reynolds stress budgets between different forest canopy architectures
Michael J. Savage, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and M. Y. Leclerc, A. Karipot, and T. Prabha

3:45 PM
7.2
The microclimate of a 65 m tall, old-growth coniferous forest
Trevor Newton, University of California, Davis, CA and University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and K. T. Paw U, M. Falk, R. H. Shaw, T. King, T. C. Hsiao, R. D. Pyles, A. A. Matista, A. Sundquist, Y. S. Park, H. Wabeh, and J. Chen

4:00 PM
7.3
Field investigation of temperature patterns within Oklahoma peach orchards
J. D. Carlson, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK; and B. D. McCraw

4:15 PM
7.4
Microclimate and Energy Balances of Three Douglas Fir Forests in Southern Washington
Jiquan Chen, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI; and K. T. Paw U, T. H. Suchanek, S. Ustin, R. Shaw, X. Wang, T. Hsiao, and M. Falk

4:30 PM
7.5
Variance, skewness and kurtosis characteristics within and just above a crop canopy
Adrie F. G. Jacobs, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; and B. J. van de Wiel and A. A. M. Holtslag

4:45 PM
7.6
Contribution of higher order turbulent moments to the energy spectrum in an open pine canopy
Michael J. Savage, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and M. Y. Leclerc, T. Prabha, and A. Karipot

5:00 PM
7.7
Directional wind shear within an old-growth Douglas Fir forest: observed and modeled results
R. David Pyles, University of California, Davis, CA; and K. T. Paw U, B. C. Weare, and M. Falk


Session 13
Urban vegetation/atmosphere interactions
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: Kevin Gallo, NOAA/NESDIS
3:31 PM
13.2
Influence of a Park on the Surrounding Urban Thermal Environment
Thanh Ca Vu, Saitama University, Urawa, Saitama, Japan; and T. Asaeda

3:45 PM
13.3
The vegetation effects in the production of microclimates in a urban tropical areas
Gilda Tomasini Maitelli, Federal Univ. of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil; and A. B. Borba Filho, A. M. Nardes, and N. F. Barbosa

4:00 PM
13.4
Simulated impacts of trees on heat and wind flows in an urban open space
Jerome Vinet, CERMA, Nantes, France; and F. Raymond and C. Inard

4:15 PM
13.5
About the influence of alleyway trees on conditions of meteorological exchange in streets
Andreas Pflitsch, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and S. Alexandrowicz

4:30 PM
13.6
Urban Vegetation and their Relative Ability in Removing Tropospheric Ozone
Kamran K. Abdollahi, Southern Univ. and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA; and Z. H. Ning and A. V. Appeaning

4:45 PM
13.7
Effects of urban trees on regional energy use and avoided carbon
James R. Simpson, USDA Forest Service, Davis, CA; and E. G. McPherson

5:00 PM
13.8
Arborization to improve urban climate conditions in Brazilian cities
Denise Duarte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

5:15 PM-5:15 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Sessions End for the Day

Sessions end for the day

5:15 PM-6:00 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


1
Reception/Exhibits (Cash Bar)

6:00 PM-8:00 PM: Thursday, 17 August 2000


Conference Banquet (Freeborn Hall)
Organizer: Banquet Speaker: Terrance R. Nathan, University of California, Davis, CA, Presentation Title: "Meteorological Aspects of the Lewis & Clark Expedition"

Friday, 18 August 2000

12:00 AM-12:00 AM: Friday, 18 August 2000


THUR 17 AUGUST

8:00 AM-10:00 AM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 14
Radiation and Energy Balance fluxes
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: V. Masson, CNRM
8:00 AM
14.1
8:15 AM
14.2
On the detection of intra-urban global radiation differences by mobile measurements
Wilhelm Kuttler, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; and S. Schaefers

8:30 AM
14.3
Energy balance and surface temperatures of urban quarters
Sylvain Dupont, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Nantes, France; and E. Guilloteau and P. G. Mestayer

8:45 AM
14.4
9:00 AM
14.5
The heat balance of a residential suburb of Miami, Florida
Trevor Newton, University of California, Davis, CA and University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and T. R. Oke, C. S. B. Grimmond, and M. Roth

9:15 AM
14.6
Heat fluxes through roofs and their relevance to estimates of urban heat storage.
Stephanie K. Meyn, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and T. R. Oke

9:30 AM
14.7
Effects of water retentive ceramic roof on the urban thermal condition
Takeshi Fujino, Saitama University, Urawa, Saitama, Japan; and T. Asaeda, Y. Kondo, K. Ohnishi, and M. Kamitani

9:45 AM
14.8
Numerical study of urban mesoscale effects on the atmospheric boundary layer
Valéry Masson, CNRM/METEO-FRANCE, Toulouse, France; and A. Lemonsu and D. Brion

8:30 AM-10:00 AM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 8
Modeling and measurement of meteorological processes related to agriculture and forestry
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Larry Hipps, Utah State University
8:30 AM
8.1
The influence of a plant canopy on scalar statistics and structure within the planetary boundary layer
Edward G. Patton, Penn State University, University Park, PA and NCAR, Boulder, CO; and P. P. Sullivan and K. J. Davis

8:45 AM
8.2
Spatial and temporal footprint analysis for latent energy flux mapping
Daniel I. Cooper, LANL, Los Alamos, NM; and W. E. Eichinger, J. Archuleta, L. Hipps, J. Kao, M. Y. Leclerc, J. Prueger, and J. Reisner

9:00 AM
8.3
Footprint Determination in Stable to Convective Stratification Using an Inverse 3D Lagrangian Particle Model
Natascha Kljun, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland; and P. de Haan, M. W. Rotach, and H. P. Schmid

9:15 AM
8.4
Regional surface fluxes from a coupled mesoscale atmosphere/vegetative canopy model
Bryan C. Weare, University of California, Davis, CA; and R. D. Pyles, K. T. Paw U, and W. I. Gustafson Jr.

9:30 AM
8.5
Developments in a land surface scheme used for regional climate simulations in SWECLIM
Patrick Samuelsson, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; and B. Bringfelt and S. Gollvik

9:45 AM
8.6
Development of A Multilayer Biochemical Dry Deposition model
Yihua Wu, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC; and B. Brashers, J. Pleim, and P. L. Finkelstein

9:30 AM-1:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Exhibit Hours

10:00 AM-10:30 AM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Coffee Break

Coffee Break

10:30 AM-12:00 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 9
CARBON DIOXIDE EXCHANGE: PART 1
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Dennis Baldocchi, University of California
10:30 AM
9.1
Variability of Energy Vapor and CO2 Exchange over two Midwestern Deciduous Forests
H. P. Schmid, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and C. S. B. Grimmond, F. Cropley, H. B. Su, C. S. Vogel, and P. S. Curtis

10:45 AM
9.2
The effect of drought on carbon exchange in a deciduous forest
Kell Wilson, NOAA/ATDD, Oak Ridge, TN; and D. Baldocchi and P. Hanson

11:00 AM
9.3
The contribution of soil fluxes to the total canopy energy and carbon flux of maize
Tilden P. Meyers, NOAA/ARL/ATDD, Oak Ridge, TN; and S. E. Hollinger

11:15 AM
9.4
Net CO2 flux in a tallgrass prairie along a 230 to 550 ppm MOL MOL-1 CO2 gradient
P. C. Mielnick, Agricultural Experiment Station, Tempe, TX; and W. A. Dugas, H. B. Johnson, H. W. Polley, and J. Sanabria

11:30 AM
9.5
Carbon dioxide and water vapor fluxes above two boreal forests
M. A. Arain, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and T. A. Black, A. G. Barr, P. G. Jarvis, J. M. Massheder, and D. L. Verseghy

11:45 AM
9.6
Modelling water, carbon and nitrogen dynamics of the boreal forests in Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS)
Shusen Wang, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; and R. F. Grant, A. Black, and D. Verseghy

10:30 AM-12:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 15
Heat waves and urban biometeorology
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: A. Matzarakis, University of Freiburg
10:45 AM
15.2
Study on Thermal Environment in Street Canyons
Thanh Ca Vu, Saitama University, Urawa, Saitama, Japan; and T. Asaeda

11:00 AM
15.3
Modelling of radiation fluxes in urban areas and their relevance to thermal conditions of humans
Andreas Matzarakis, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

11:30 AM
15.6
11:45 AM
15.7
An Empirical Mechanistic Framework for Heat Related Illness
Nathan Y. Chan, Talus Solutions Inc., Mountain View, CA; and M. T. Stacey, A. E. Smith, K. L. Ebi, and T. F. Wilson

12:00 PM-1:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Lunch Break

12:15 PM-1:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Lunch Break

1:30 PM-2:59 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 16
Remote sensing
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: James Voogt, Univ. of Western Ontario
1:30 PM
16.1
A Multi-Sensor Assessment of Urban Heat-Islands
Timothy W. Owen, NOAA/NCDC, Asheville, NC; and K. P. Gallo

1:45 PM
16.2
Anisotropy of urban surface temperatures: A numerical modelling approach
Andres Soux, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and T. R. Oke and J. A. Voogt

2:00 PM
16.3
2:15 PM
16.4
A Remote Sensing Analysis of Parcel Design and Urban Heat Island Formation
Brian Stone Jr., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA

2:30 PM
16.6
Using High Resolution Remote Sensing Data To Characterize Urban Forest Tree Species Composition
Qingfu Xiao, University of California, Davis, CA; and S. L. Ustin, E. G. McPherson, and P. J. Peper

2:45 PM
16.7
METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF REPRESENTATIVE URBAN SURFACE TEMPERATURES.
James A. Voogt, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; and C. A. Soux

1:30 PM-3:00 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 10
Diffusion, Dispersion and Transport of Airborne Material
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Eugene S. Takle, Iowa State University
1:30 PM
10.1
Air Atmospheric Stability Effects on Spray Drift
David R. Miller, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT; and T. E. Stoughton, W. E. Steinke, E. W. Huddleston, and J. B. Ross

1:45 PM
10.2
Integrating spore dispersal and models of turbulence
Donald E. Aylor, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT; and R. H. Shaw

2:00 PM
10.3
Simulation of Ozone in the Great Lakes Region
Jerome D. Fast, PNNL, Richland, WA; and W. E. Heilman

2:30 PM
10.5
Estimates of Long Range Drift from an Orchard Sprayer
David R. Miller, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT; and R. M. Cionco

2:45 PM
10.6
Dispersion Modeling of Atmospheric Compounds across a Valley in Southern Utah
Ronald M. Cionco, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, White Sands Missile Range, NM; and J. H. Prueger, J. L. Hatfield, and L. E. Hipps

3:00 PM-3:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Coffee Break

3:00 PM-3:45 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Coffee Break

3:00 PM-6:00 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Exhibit Hours

3:30 PM-5:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 11
Contributions to Experimental and Theoretical Studies in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Kenneth M. King, University of Guelph
3:30 PM
11.1
Introductory Remarks
Kenneth M. King, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

3:45 PM
11.2
Canopy element influences on subgrid-scale energy within a large-eddy simulation
Roger H. Shaw, University of California, Davis, CA; and E. G. Patton

4:00 PM
11.3
4:15 PM
11.4
Mini-Sodar Detection of Local Circulations in a Managed Pine Plantation
Monique Y. Leclerc, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA; and T. Prabha, E. Mursch-Radlgruber, and A. Karipot

4:30 PM
11.5
The development of a tunable diode laser trace gas analyzer and its application to the measurement of trace gas fluxes using micrometeorological techniques
G. C. Edwards, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada; and G. W. Thurtell, G. E. Kidd, G. M. Dias, G. den Hartog, H. H. Neumann, I. J. Simpson, M. Lin, C. Wagner-Riddle, J. S. Warland, K. King, and R. Sweetman

4:45 PM
11.6
Recent changes in the growth rate of tropospheric methane
Isobel J. Simpson, University of California, Irvine, CA; and T. Y. Chen, D. R. Blake, and F. S. Rowland

5:00 PM
11.7
Interannual vegetable yield variability in Ontario: is climate a factor?
Alan W. McKeown, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada; and J. S. Warland and M. R. McDonald

5:15 PM
11.8
Comparison of Methods to Infer Gas Fluxes off a Lagoon
John D. Wilson, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; and T. K. Flesch and L. A. Harper

3:45 PM-5:15 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Session 17
Planning and policy changes resulting from urban climate research
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: H. Mayer, Univerisity of Freiburg
3:45 PM
17.1
Climate change and the adaptability of Canadian Prairie Cities
Virginia Wittrock, Saskatchewan Research Council, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

4:00 PM
17.2
How to assess urban air quality relating to urban planning ?
Helmut Mayer, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; and C. Koppe and D. Ahrens

4:15 PM
17.3
Integration of Climatology in Urban Design and Planning—Examples from Sweden
Ingegard Eliasson, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden; and S. Lindqvist

4:30 PM
17.4
Influence of microclimatic characteristics on the use of outdoor public spaces
Aïcha Boussoualim, School of Architecture of Toulouse, Toulouse, France

4:45 PM
17.5
Assessment of spatial variations in air temperature in an urban area—applications for planning
Ingegard Eliasson, Göteborg Univ., Göteborg, Sweden; and M. Svensson

5:00 PM-5:00 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Sessions End for the Day

5:30 PM-5:30 PM: Friday, 18 August 2000


Sessions end for the day

Saturday, 19 August 2000

12:00 AM-12:00 AM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


FRI 18 AUGUST

8:00 AM-11:30 AM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Session 18
Urban Long Term Ecological Reasearch (LTER): Phoenix, Baltimore
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizers: Anthony Brazel, Arizona State University; Gordon Heisler, USDA Forest Service
8:00 AM
18.1
Introductory Remarks

8:30 AM
18.3
A reference meteorological station for urban Long-Term Ecological Research, Baltimore Ecosystem Study
Gordon M. Heisler, USDA/Forest Service, Syracuse, NY; and P. M. Groffman, L. Band, K. Belt, V. Fabiyi, G. T. Fisher, R. H. Grant, and C. S. B. Grimmond

8:45 AM
18.4
9:00 AM
18.5
Urban influences on solar radiation in CAPLTER
Roger S. Tomalty, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and A. J. Brazel

9:15 AM
18.6
Urban UV measurements: rationale for the establishment of long-term monitoring in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study
Richard H. Grant, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN; and G. M. Heisler and J. R. Slusser

9:30 AM
18.7
Summer and winter patterns of air temperature and humidity under calm conditions in relation to urban land use
Chris A. Martin, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and L. B. Stabler and A. J. Brazel

9:45 AM
18.8
Local Climate Effects of a Large Urban Lake on Tempe, AZ.
Nancy J. Selover, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ

10:00 AM
18.9
Temporal and spatial patterns of air temperature and CO2 concentration in metropolitan Phoenix
Linda B. Stabler, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and C. A. Martin

10:15 AM
18.10
An intensive study of the strength and stability of the urban CO2 dome of Phoenix, Arizona
Craig D. Idso, Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ; and S. B. Idso and R. C. Balling Jr.

10:30 AM
18.11
Temporal patterns in near-surface CO2 concentrations in the Phoenix urban CO2 dome over contrasting vegetation types
Thomas A. Day, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and E. C. Mueller, F. S. Xiong, and R. C. Balling Jr.

10:45 AM
18.12
Atmospheric deposition across the Central Arizona - Phoenix LTER site
Diane Hope, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ; and J. Anderson, N. B. Grimm, and S. Boone

11:00 AM
18.9a
Coffee Break

8:30 AM-10:00 AM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Session 12
Carbon Dioxide Exchange: Part 2
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: H. P. Schmid, Indiana University
8:30 AM
12.1
Pressure pumping of carbon dioxide from soil
Eugene S. Takle, Iowa State University, Ames, IA; and J. R. Brandle, R. A. Schmidt, R. Garcia, I. V. Litvina, G. Doyle, X. Zhou, Q. Hou, C. W. Rice, and W. J. Massman

8:45 AM
12.2
Nighttime CO2 exchange in a tallgrass prairie and a winter wheat field
Andrew E. Suyker, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; and S. B. Verma

9:00 AM
12.3
Greenhouse gas fluxes at Arctic tundra Ecosystem in winter and thawing period
Yoshinobu Harazono, National Institute of Agro Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and A. Miyata, N. Ota, and W. C. Oechel

9:15 AM
12.4
Long Term Carbon Flux Measurements in the Understory of an Old-growth Temperate Rainforest
Matthias Falk, University of California, Davis, CA; and K. T. Paw U and T. S. King

9:30 AM
12.5
Impacts of clouds on ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange over a spectrum of climates
Lianhong Gu, University of California, Berkeley, CA; and D. D. Baldocchi and E. Falge

9:45 AM
12.6
A comparison of the carbon and water vapor exchange contributions of mean advection, eddy-covariance, and storage in a tall forest
Matthias B. Falk, University of California, Davis, CA; and Y. S. Park, K. T. Paw U, R. D. Pyles, T. C. Hsiao, R. H. Shaw, T. S. King, A. A. Matista, and H. Wabeh

10:00 AM-10:30 AM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Coffee Break

10:30 AM-12:00 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Session 13
Surface-Air Exchange in Non-Ideal Conditions
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Brian D. Amiro, Canadian Forest Service
10:30 AM
13.1
Influence of advection on carbon and energy fluxes at a forest on non-flat terrain
Xuhui Lee, Yale University, New Haven, CT; and X. Hu

10:45 AM
13.2
An Analytical model of Airflow over and within a Tall Canopy on a Low Hill
John J. Finnigan, CSIRO, Land and Water, Canberra, Australia; and S. E. Belcher

11:00 AM
13.3
Shallow Gully Flow
Larry Mahrt, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; and D. Vickers, R. Nakamura, J. Sun, S. Burns, J. Prueger, and J. Hatfield

11:15 AM
13.4
Turbulence venting in riparian vegetation and connections to transpiration
Larry E. Hipps, Utah State University, Logan, UT; and J. H. Prueger, J. L. Hatfield, and W. P. Kustas

11:30 AM
13.5
Turbulence characteristics in a dense riparian Tamarisk canopy
John H. Prueger, USDA/ARS, Ames, IA; and L. E. Hipps, J. L. Hatfield, and W. P. Kustas

11:45 AM
13.6
Coupling of Turbulence in and above a Forest at a steep slope During Nighttime
Roland Vogt, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and A. Christen, C. Feigenwinter, E. van Gorsel, E. Parlow, and A. Pitacco

11:30 AM-12:58 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Session 19
Road climatology
Host: Third Symposium on the Urban Environment
Organizer: T. Gustavsson, Goteborg University
11:31 AM
19.2
Road Weather Information System in Finland
Kimmo Toivonen, Finnish National Road Administration, Kouvola, Finland; and J. Kantonen

11:45 AM
19.3
Modelling the Road Climatology of the West Midlands, UK
John E. Thornes, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and A. Bradley and L. Chapman

12:00 PM
19.4
Weather hazards and changing road conditions in Ontario, Canada
Don C. MacIver, Meteorological Service of Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada; and H. Auld

12:15 PM
19.5
Winter road maintenance in urban areas Part (II) Spatial distribution of road icing in relation to urban climate
Torbjorn Gustavsson, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden; and J. Bogren

12:30 PM
19.7
Winter road maintenance in urban areas Part(II) Air and Road temperature variations
Jörgen Bogren, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden; and T. Gustavsson

12:45 PM
19.8
Floating Car Road Weather Information Monitoring System
Yrjö Pilli-Sihvola, Finnish National Road Administration, Kouvola, Finland

12:00 PM-1:30 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Lunch Break

1:00 PM-1:00 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Conference Ends

1:30 PM-3:30 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Session 14
Carbon Dioxide Exchange: Part 3
Host: 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Organizer: Larry Mahrt, Oregon State University
1:30 PM
14.1
The impact of harvesting and fire on energy and carbon fluxes in the boreal forest
Brian D. Amiro, Canadian Forest Service, Edmonton, AB,, Canada

1:45 PM
14.2
Gross primary production and net ecosystem exchange of a cool-temperate deciduous forest estimated by the eddy covariance method
Nobuko Saigusa, National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and S. Yamamoto, S. Murayama, and H. Kondo

2:15 PM
14.4
Crop Growth Analysis: Carbon Flux Measurements vs. Plant Sampling
Steven E. Hollinger, ISWS, Champaign, IL; and T. P. Meyers

2:30 PM
14.5
Net carbon uptake and coupling from a tropical wet forest
H. W. Loescher, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL; and S. F. Oberbauer, D. B. Clark, and D. A. Clark

2:45 PM
14.6
Correlation and structure function analysis in the quality assessments of long-term eddy-covariance measurements over a deciduous forest
Hong-Bing Su, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and H. P. Schmid, C. S. B. Grimmond, C. S. Vogel, and P. S. Curtis

3:00 PM
14.7
Greenhouse gas budget at Japanese rice paddy as an AsiaFlux Network site
Yoshinobu Harazono, National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and A. Miyata, K. N. Ohta, T. Takamura, and C. Suzuki

3:15 PM
14.8
Interannual Variability of Water and Carbon Fluxes at a 100 Yr. Spruce Stand
Christian Bernhofer, Dresden University of Technology, Tharandt, Dresden,, Germany; and T. Grunwald and P. Mellmann

3:30 PM-3:30 PM: Saturday, 19 August 2000


Conference ends