Extreme space weather events can occur at any time but are more likely when solar activity is at its greatest over the 11-year solar cycle. In conjunction with the 2019 annual meeting theme, this joint Space Weather–ARAM session intends to examine extreme space weather events and their effects on technologies and people operating from the stratosphere to low-Earth orbit. This includes activities such as commercial aviation, commercial space tourism, satellite launch and operation, and astronaut operations. All these activities can be impacted by solar flares, solar energetic particles, solar radiation storms, and coronal mass ejections, resulting in increased exposure to radiation, inaccurate Global Navigation Satellite System (such as GPS) signals, and degraded or blocked high-frequency radio communications.