Comprehensive results of NEMS from different Cloud Microphysics, Cloud fraction, and the related Radiation physics

In order to fully investigate the cloud and radiation interaction, additional cloud fraction algorithms and radiation package for Thompson microphysics scheme were added as extra choice in the development of regional NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS). Various sensitivity tests have been conducted since by using various reasonable combination of cloud fraction algorithm, radiation and cloud microphysics physics. From the initial results over different seasons, it shows no specific scheme are superior to others and it all depend on how the cloud microphysics and radiation interaction are treated, especially the ice phase hydrometeors that add extra uncertainty in the radiation process.  Though other physics (land surface, convective scheme …) must also be considered, but they are limited in our current study.